Dependence on external expertise

The UK Department of Social Security paid out more than £100 million in 1993 in management consultancy fees -- more than the total available for emergency grants. 1,025 contracts were signed with outside advisers. Over the five-year period 1989-93, the department's external consultancy fees totalled £346.6 million.

1. Overdependence on government
2. Dependence on external resources

1. Excessive dependence of local communities on outside services

1. Inadequacies of foreign consultants
2. False authority syndrome

1. Unvalued indigenous resources
2. Unreceptive structures for citizen leadership
3. Unavailability of appropriate expertise
4. Inadequate human resources development
5. Excessive salaries of experts
6. Discrimination against community enterprises

1. Support
2. Independence
3. Expertise
4. Dependence