Political fragmentation

Lack of unity in political thinking either between parties or within parties, nationally or internationally, is indicated by political schism, party political rivalry, foreign political rivalry for influence abroad; in the need for balance of power arrangements, treaties, alliances; and in subversive and terrorist activities of both a national and international nature. Lack of political unity may lead to political or national disintegration, foreign intervention, conflict and war.

1. Social divisions
2. Political conflict
3. Fragmentation

1. Weakness of multi-party parliamentary systems
2. Social fragmentation through political pluralism
3. Political rivalry
4. International political disunity
5. Fragmentation of communist parties

1. National political disintegration
2. Ideological conflict

1. Political schism
2. Multiplicity of languages in a national setting
3. Institutional fragmentation

1. Irresponsible nationalism

1. Unrepresentative national political integration

1. Providing sufficient political unity
2. Fragmenting political parties
3. Abstaining from political unity

1. Unity
2. Lack
3. Integration
4. Fragmentation
5. Disunity