Organic wastes

Organic wastes, improperly disposed, cause problems of oxygen depletion, pollution and foul smells.

The breakdown and decay of living material requires oxygen. The amount of oxygen consumed by a given amount and type of organic material when broken down in nature is know as its biological oxygen demand (BOD). Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is the even greater amount of oxygen that would be needed to completely oxidize the material in a laboratory. Both indices are used as measures of the organic content of waters.

1. Organic wastes are being widely used as a fuel in many parts of the world instead of being returned to the soil.

1. Impurities in waste water
2. Environmental hazards from paper and printing industries
3. Biological pollutants

1. Waste paper
2. Untreated animal excreta
3. Suspended matter in water
4. Sewage as a pollutant
5. Methane gas emissions from landfill sites
6. Inadequate disposal of bodies
7. Improper disposal of food wastes
8. Food wastage
9. Effluents from animal husbandry
10. Aquatic weeds

1. Water pollution
2. Pathogenic organisms
3. Marine oxygen deficiency
4. Food poisoning
5. Eutrophication
6. Destruction of environmental oxygen
7. Accumulation of pollutants in freshwater wildlife

1. Water pollution from fish production
2. Underutilized agricultural wastes
3. Underuse of refuse-derived fuel
4. Misuse of excrement as fertilizer
5. Insufficient composting
6. Industrial waste water pollutants
7. Inadequate domestic refuse disposal
8. Inadequate disposal of slaughterhouse wastes
9. Inadequate disposal of hospital waste
10. Inadequate disposal of female sanitary protection
11. Chemical industry wastes
12. Animal deaths

1. Unused livestock waste
2. Loss of micro-organic proteins

1. Reducing amount of organic wastes
2. Recycling agricultural waste
3. Managing organic wastes
4. Improving hazardous waste management
5. Decomposing organic materials

1. Wastage
2. Nondegradable
3. Damage