The basic sciences of mathematics, chemistry, physics and biology are seen as the foundation of such interdisciplinary fields as biotechnology, environmental management and the information sciences.
In the case of UNESCO emphasis is placed on: a programme of mathematics for development; experimental pure and applied physics; the chemistry of natural products and the use of natural resources by local industry. In the life sciences, activities focus on training and research in fundamental biology having a direct bearing on the welfare of mankind. In the case of the engineering sciences emphasis centres on the applications of information technologies.