Recognizing their limited regulatory capacity and the need for accelerated private investment, many governments are switching from a control-dominated attitude toward the private sector to one that involves dialogue and negotiated, monitorable programs. In some countries, governments are working with private sector environmental leaders to encourage environmental improvements. Self-enforcement and independent certification schemes are also playing a much larger role.
Governments are realizing that they are often most effective in dealing with environmental issues when they work in partnerships. Most countries now involve nongovernmental specialists in their priority-setting exercises, and tripartite relationships--including the government, the private sector, and community organizations--are increasingly common. The value of such partnerships stems from not only the different perspectives and skills that are brought to the table but also the necessity of carrying out concerted actions to address some environmental issues.