Refusal to participate

The refusal of individuals or governments to participate in common social and economic activities, whether for reasons of prejudice, lack of information, or discontent with the 'established' system, may cause failure of government policy and development programmes, social conflict and alienation.

1. Psychological inertia
2. Decline in civic participation

1. Vaccine hesitancy
2. Internationally non-cooperative governments

1. Social fragmentation
2. Non-participation of youth in decision-making bodies
3. Lack of participation in development
4. Lack of participation by local communities in democratic processes
5. Ignorance

1. Structural failure of citizen participation
2. Prejudice

1. Refusing to participate
2. Participating

1. Refusal