Covert violation of international treaties

In 1994 it was revealed that Russian whaling over the previous 40 years violated almost all the rules of the International Whaling Convention which they had signed, to the extent that 90% of their take was illegal. The information provided to the International Whaling Commission (IWC) on Soviet whaling was false. For example, in the 1961-62 season the former Soviet Union told the IWC that 270 rare humpback whales had been killed by four Antarctic fleets, whereas scientists on board reported that 1,568 were killed by one fleet alone. Since whaling was declared illegal after 1976, it was continued secretly and hugh amounts of fresh whale meat, said to be out of frozen storage, was sold to the Japanese.

1. Unfulfilled treaty obligations

1. Suppression of information concerning environmental safety
2. Non-verifiability of compliance with nuclear arms treaties

1. Secret international agreements
2. Secret armies
3. Ineffective international agreements
4. Inadequate control over government administrative process
5. Improper collusion
6. Government treachery

1. Undermining governments abusing human rights
2. Uncovering covert violation of international treaties
3. Reducing government secrecy
4. Monitoring international conventions
5. Enforcing adherence to international treaties
6. Cooperating in eliminating human rights violations
7. Colluding
8. Breaching international treaties
9. Acknowledging ratified treaties

1. Violation
2. Covert
3. Collusion