This strategy features in the framework of Agenda 21 as formulated at UNCED (Rio de Janeiro, 1992), now coordinated by the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development and implemented through national and local authorities.
Agenda 21 recommends developing appropriate national enforcement programmes to monitor compliance with such legislation, detecting and deterring violation through appropriate penalties and giving special attention to those who are known to have conducted illegal traffic in hazardous waste and to hazardous waste that is particularly susceptible to illegal traffic.