Industrializing developing countries

Countries that are industrializing rapidly with access to international technologies are in a decidedly advantageous position, in that a large part of their capital stock is relatively new. New plants can readily incorporate up-to-date process technologies that use materials and energy more efficiently, minimize emissions, improve product quality and reduce costs. The costs of building environmental controls into new plants are much less than the costs of retrofitting pollution abatement equipment onto old plants.

1. Developing industry

1. Improving industrial trade in developing countries

1. Reducing disparity between industrialized and developing countries
2. Balancing economies between industrialized and developing countries

1. Exploiting disparity between industrialized and developing countries
2. Coping with inadequate industrial trade in developing countries

1. Limiting industrialization of developing countries

1. Underdevelopment of countries