Improving financial resources and mechanisms for sustainable development

This strategy features in the framework of Agenda 21 as formulated at UNCED (Rio de Janeiro, 1992), now coordinated by the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development and implemented through national and local authorities.

1. Financing

1. Reviewing sustainability of policies of international agencies and finance institutions
2. Increasing accountability of international financial institutions
3. Ensuring equitable access to international environmental funds

1. Financing sustainable development

1. Using fiscal incentives in innovative financing
2. Strengthening national policies to encourage technology transfer
3. Strengthening national policies to encourage higher levels of foreign direct investment
4. Strengthening bilateral aid programmes in support of sustainable development
5. Reviewing measures to address debt problems of low and middle income countries
6. Reviewing funding for implementing Agenda 21
7. Reporting national financial plan commitments to implement Agenda 21
8. Reinvesting military capacity in civil goals
9. Providing financial resources for facilitating national capacity-building
10. Providing development bank resources on favourable terms to implement Agenda 21
11. Providing debt relief for the poorest countries pursuing structural adjustment
12. Providing a supportive international and national economic climate for sustained economic growth
13. Preparing national plans in developing countries for achieving sustainable development
14. Monitoring implementation of Agenda 21 in respect of availability of financial resources
15. Maximizing resources for implementing Agenda 21
16. Increasing voluntary contributions to sustainable development through NGO channels
17. Increasing overseas development aid
18. Increasing aid to developing countries
19. Exploring schemes for voluntary contributions to sustainable development
20. Exploring new ways of generating new public and private financial resources for implementing Agenda 21
21. Exploring new forms of debt relief including greater use of debt swaps
22. Exploring feasibility of tradable permits
23. Expanding scope of environmental funding to relevant programme areas in Agenda 21
24. Ensuring predictability in flow of funds contributed by developed countries to achieve global environment benefits
25. Ensuring new forms of conditionality are not introduced for environmental funding
26. Ensuring new and additional resources for environmental funding on grant and concessional terms
27. Encouraging universal participation in the Global Environment Facility
28. Developing financial sector strategies for environmental protection
29. Covering agreed incremental costs to implement Agenda 21
30. Assisting poorest countries to implement Agenda 21
31. Assessing costs and financing in developing countries to implement Agenda 21
32. Addressing continuing debt problems of poorest heavily-indebted countries

1. Unsustainable
2. Undeveloped
3. Underdevelopment
4. Overdevelopment
5. Development

1. Agenda 21