Enforcing sanctions through secondary boycotts

Used by the League of Arab States against companies doing business with Israel. Used by the USA to penalize companies and countries that engage in business with Cuba, circumventing the economic sanctions imposed by the USA.

1. Economic sanctions can be a useful and legitimate way for a country to place pressure on other countries to modify policies that are considered offensive. Where such sanctions are not respected, it is legitimate for secondary sanctions to be imposed in order indirectly to punish those who practice such policies.

1. Secondary boycotts often offend the sovereignty of allies. They may invite retaliation and may violate international trading treaties.

1. Using unilateral sanctions
2. Sanctioning
3. Boycotting

1. Sidestepping sanctions

1. Unfulfilled treaty obligations
2. Instability in relations between allies of superpowers
3. Economic sanctions against governments