Whale Sanctuaries: Many countries have declared their territorial waters as 'whale sanctuaries' which effectively means that all acts that threaten the survival of cetaceans species are banned. For example, Ecuador (including the Galapagos Islands), and most recently Ireland, have declared cetacean species occurring within their waters as protected. In addition, the IWC has designated the whole of the Indian Ocean and most of the Southern Ocean as whale sanctuaries in 1994.