The range of Aegypius monachus covers: Afghanistan, Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bulgaria, China, Cyprus, Egypt, Georgia, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Macedonia, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Portugal, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Spain, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Yugoslavia.
The black vulture is listed as a "lower risk" category by the IUCN. It is possibly extinct from Albania, Israel and Macedonia, while there is a lack of data about the species in Cyprus, Syria and Yugoslavia.