Resistance to internationally agreed standards

Differing standards constitute a significant barrier to the free movement of goods between countries.

In 1988 it was estimated that the costs of such standards in impeding trade throughout the European Community was ECU 20 billion.

1. Efforts to promote common European health standards should not impinge on the diversity and character of Europe's food and drink. The very phrase "minimum hygiene standards" should strike terror into the hearts of any true-born Frenchman. There are many people who would find that life is not worth living unless you have a choice of all the gloriously unhygienic things which humankind – especially the French portion of it – has lovingly created, notably bacteria-contaminated soft cheeses.

1. Lack of international cooperation
2. Internationally non-cooperative governments
3. Inadequate laws
4. Inadequacy of international standards

1. Reluctance to impose pollution taxes
2. Parochial telecommunications standards
3. Non-standardization of electrical equipment
4. Non-standard items of mail
5. Multiplicity of time standards
6. Instability of orthographic standards
7. Inconsistent port charges
8. Inadequate standardization in marking navigable waters
9. Failure to conform to international health standards
10. Failure to apply polluter pays principle

1. Violations of health and safety regulations
2. Substandard shipping vessels
3. Low-quality construction work
4. Low standard educational institutions
5. Lack of standards
6. International imbalance in the quality of life
7. Inadequate teaching
8. Food health standards of convenience
9. Environmental hazards of pesticides
10. Deterioration of media standards
11. Delays in elaboration of remedial legislation
12. Conflicting standards for protection against chemical occupational hazards
13. Arbitrary standards of evidence

1. Unrealistic standards
2. Limited enforceability of international standards
3. Lack of professional standards
4. Irresponsible nationalism
5. Inadequate legislation against environmental pollution
6. Discriminatory imposition of standards
7. Deficiencies in international law
8. Complex public health regulations

1. Reduction of diversity through policy
2. Over-regulation

1. Banned cultivation of plant species

1. Resisting internationally agreed standards
2. Increasing standardization
3. Harmonizing international standards
4. Evaluating effects of world trade agreements on technical trade barriers
5. Conforming to internationally agreed standards
6. Accepting internationally agreed standards

1. Resistance [D]
2. Resistance [C]
3. Nonresistance
4. Insufficiency
5. Inadequacy
6. Failure