Economic destabilization of countries by external forces

In 1992, it was reported that a US-led destabilization campaign has targeted Iraq with vast amounts of counterfeit currency. The fake dinar notes were being smuggled across the Jordanian, Saudi, Turkish and Iranian borders in an effort to undermine the Iraqi economy and the government of Saddam Hussein. The countries behind the operation included western nations, Saudi Arabia, Iran and Israel. Counterfeit USA dollars were also being smuggled into Iraq in smaller quantities to further confound the banking system. The counterfeit notes were raising inflation and together with trade sanctions were weakening the economy to the point where local currency could become worthless.

1. Unprotected vulnerable economies
2. National economic dislocation
3. Destabilization of social systems
4. Adverse economic shocks from external factors

1. Destabilization of national insurance markets by offshore insurers
2. Destabilization of monetary systems and exchange notes by transnational corporations

1. Unstable economic base
2. Labour displacement
3. External debt crisis

1. Counterfeit money and government securities
2. Aggressive nationalism

1. Evaluating effects of world trade agreements on national protection standards
2. Destabilizing economic systems

1. Uneconomic
2. Undermining
3. Instability
4. Covert