Congenital abnormalities


  • Congenital physical disorders
  • Congenital malformation
  • Congenital disorders
  • Congenital deformities
  • Congenital diseases
  • Inborn errors

Nature

Congenital deformities and disorders are either: (a) attributable to faulty genetic information which affects the development of the foetus and shows at birth or in early childhood; the malformation may be inherited (be familial) or arise spontaneously in the individual egg, sperm or embryo;or (b) arising from inherited genetic information from other internal or external factors, such as hormonal disturbance, drugs, toxins and mutagens (collectively called teratogens) and physical injury.

Types of common congenital anomalies include atresia (a normal opening or tube in the body is closed or absent), stenosis (abnormal narrowing of a bodily canal or passageway), malpositioning, malformation, discolouration or absence of an organ. Cysts, and accessory or multiple organs occur. Organs may show congenital malfunction.

Narrower

  1. Sotos syndrome
  2. Ollier disease
  3. Maffucci syndrome
  4. Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome
  5. Hirschsprung's disease
  6. Genetic deafness
  7. Fraternal asymmetry
  8. Ear ossicle fusion
  9. Cornelia de Lange syndrome
  10. Congenital syndromes affecting multiple systems
  11. Congenital metabolic diseases
  12. Congenital limb reduction defects
  13. Congenital immune deficiencies
  14. Congenital hydrocephalus
  15. Congenital heart defects
  16. Congenital anomalies of urinary system
  17. Congenital anomalies of spleen
  18. Congenital anomalies of respiratory system
  19. Congenital anomalies of nervous system
  20. Congenital anomalies of musculoskeletal system
  21. Congenital anomalies of genital organs
  22. Congenital anomalies of eye
  23. Congenital anomalies of circulatory system
  24. Congenital anomalies of chromosomes
  25. Congenital anomalies of alimentary tract
  26. Congenital anomalies due to infectious diseases in animals
  27. Atresia of ear


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